"INTRODUCING PHP 5.3
PHP Quebec 2008 - Ilia Alshanetsky
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EVOLUTIONARY RELEASE
Old code will still work Focus on mainly improvement of existing functionality Fewer bugs Faster release cycle
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Namespaces
Biggest addition in 5.3 code base Feature complete implementation of namespaces Majority of functionality implemented at compile time Simplifies naming conventions
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Cleaner Code
Without Namespaces
function MY_wrapper() {} class MY_DB { } define('MY_CONN_STR', '');
With Namespaces
namespace MY; function wrapper() {} class DB { }
+
MY_wrapper(); new MY_DB(); MY_CONN_STR;
=
const CONN_STR = '';
use MY AS MY; wrapper(); new DB(); CONN_STR;
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Multiple Namespaces Per File
namespace LIB; class MySQL {} class SQLite {} $b = new SQLite(); namespace LIB_EXTRA; class MScrypt {} $a = new MScrypt(); string(18) "LIB_EXTRA::MScrypt" string(11) "LIB::SQLite"
var_dump( get_class($a), get_class($b) );
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Namespace Hierarchy
namespace foo; function strlen($foo) { return htmlentities($foo); } echo strlen("test"); // test echo ::strlen("test"); // 4 echo namespace::strlen("test"); // test
Function, class and constant references inside a namespace refer to namespace first and global scope later.
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Namespaces & autoload
function __autoload($var) { var_dump($var); } // LIB::foo require "./ns.php"; /* <?php namespace LIB; new foo(); */
__autoload() will be passed namespace name along with class name. autoload will only be triggered if class does not exist in namespace and global scope __autoload() declared inside a namespace will not be called!
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Other NS Syntactic Sugar
namespace really::long::pointlessly::verbose::ns; __NAMESPACE__; // current namespace name class a{} get_class(new a()); // really::long::pointlessly::verbose::ns::a use really::long::pointlessly::verbose::ns::a AS b;
Reference class from a namespace
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Improved Performance
md5() is roughly 10-15% faster Better stack implementation in the engine Constants moved to read-only memory Improve exception handling (simpler & less opcodes) Eliminate open(2) call on (require/include)_once Smaller binary size & startup size with gcc4 Overall Improvement 5-15%
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New Language Features
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__DIR__
Introduced __DIR__ magic constant indicating the directory where the script is located.
echo dirname(__FILE__); // < PHP 5.3 /* vs */ echo __DIR__; // >= PHP 5.3
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?: Operator
Allows quick retrieval of a non-empty value from 2 values and/or expressions
$a = true ?: false; // true $a = false ?: true; // true $a = "" ?: 1; // 1 $a = 0 ?: 2; // 2 $a = array() ?: array(1); // array(1); $a = strlen("") ?: strlen("a"); // 1
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__callStatic()
__call() equivalent, but for static methods.
class helper { static function __callStatic($name, $args) { echo $name.'('.implode(',', $args).')'; } } helper::test("foo","bar"); // test(foo,bar)
✴
Dynamic function/method calls are kinda slow...
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Dynamic Static Calls
PHP now allows dynamic calls to static methods
class helper { static function foo() { echo __METHOD__; } } $a = "helper"; $b = "foo"; $a::$b(); // helper::foo
✴
Dynamic function/method calls are kinda slow...
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Late Static Binding
Processing of static events has been extended into execution time from compile time.
class A { public static function whoami() { echo __CLASS__; } public static function identity() { self::whoami(); } } class B extends A { public static function whoami() { echo __CLASS__; } } B::identity(); // A <-- PHP < 5.3
✴ ✴
class A { public static function whoami() { echo __CLASS__; } public static function identity() { static::whoami(); } } class B extends A { public static function whoami() { echo __CLASS__; } } B::identity(); // B <-- >= PHP 5.3
Beware if you use an opcode cache Not backwards compatible
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MySQLInd
Specialized, high speed library to interface with MySQL designed specifically for PHP mysql_fetch_assoc("...");
ext/mysql ext/mysql Copy of data in PHP Copy on Write in mysqlind
Row Data Row Data Row Data
Copy in libmysql
Row Data Row Data Row Data
MySQL Database
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MySQLInd
Better performance Improved memory usage Ability to fetch statistics for performance tuning Built-in driver (no external decencies once again) Many future options due to tight integration with PHP No PDO_MySQL support yet, mysql(i) only for now
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INI Magic
Support for “.htaccess” style INI controls for CGI/ FastCGI Per-directory INI settings inside php.ini via [PATH=/var/www/domain.com] not modifiable by the user. Improve error handling Allow use of INI variables and constants from virtually everywhere in the INI files Several other minor improvements
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INI Magic
Name for user-defined php.ini (.htaccess) files. Default is ".user.ini" user_ini.filename = ".user.ini" To disable this feature set this option to empty value user_ini.filename = TTL for user-defined php.ini files (time-to-live) in seconds. Default is 300 seconds (5 minutes) user_ini.cache_ttl = 300 [PATH=/var/www/domain.com] variables_order = GPC safe_mode = 1 [my variables] somevar = “1234” anothervar = ${somevar} ; anothervar == somevar [ini arrays] foo[bar] = 1 foo[123] = 2 foo[] = 3
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Extra OpenSSL Functions
Access to OpenSSL Digest Functions
foreach (openssl_get_md_methods() as $d) {// MD4, MD5, SHA512... (12 all in all) echo $d." - ".openssl_digest("foo", "md5"); //acbd18db4cc2f85cedef654fccc4a4d8 }
Access to OpenSSL Cipher Functions
// BF-CBC, AES-256 CFB1... (54 all in all) foreach(openssl_get_cipher_methods() as $v) { $val = openssl_encrypt("value", $v, "secret"); openssl_decrypt($val, $v, "secret"); // value }
Extend openssl_pkey_new() and openssl_pkey_get_details() functions to allow access to internal DSA, RSA and DH keys. The goal was to simply OpenID implementation in PHP
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SPL Improvements
Improve nested directory iterations via FilesystemIterator Introduced GlobIterator Various data structure classes: SplDoublyLinkedList, SplStack, SplQueue, SplHeap, SplMinHeap, SplMaxHeap, SplPriorityQueue Several other tongue twister features
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Date Extension Additions
Controllable strtotime() via date_create_from_format()
$date = strtotime("08-01-07 00:00:00"); var_dump(date("Y-m-d", $date)); // string(10) "2008-01-07" $date = date_create_from_format("m-d-y", "08-01-07"); var_dump($date->format('Y-m-d')); // string(10) "2007-08-01"
Added date_get_last_errors() that returns errors and warnings in date parsing.
array(4) { ["warning_count"] => int(0) ["warnings"] => array(0) { } ["error_count"] => int(2) ["errors"]=> array(2) { [2]=> string(40) "The separation symbol could not be found" [6]=> string(13) "Trailing data" } }
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getopt() Improvements
Works on Windows Native implementation not dependent on native getopt() implementation. Cross-platform support for longopts (--option)
// input: --a=foo --b --c var_dump(getopt("", array("a:","b::","c"))); /* output: array(3) { ["a"]=> string(3) "foo" ["b"]=> bool(false) ["c"]=> bool(false) } */
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XSLT Profiling
Introduction of Xslt Profiling via setProfiling()
$xslt = new xsltprocessor(); $xslt->importStylesheet($xml); $xslt->setProfiling("/tmp/profile.txt"); $xslt->transformToXml($dom);
Resulting In:
number 0 match date Total name mode Calls Tot 100us Avg 5 5 58 58 11
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E_DEPRECATED
What would a PHP release be without a new error mode? deprecated Used to designate deprecated functionality that maybe, sometime in a far future will get removed, maybe.
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Garbage Collector
Memory cleanup for Über-complex and long scripts that need to free-up memory before the end of execution cycle. (!amework folks, this is for you)
gc_enable(); // Enable Garbage Collector var_dump(gc_enabled()); // true var_dump(gc_collect_cycles()); // # of elements cleaned up gc_disable(); // Disable Garbage Collector
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NOWDOC
A HEREDOC where no escaping is necessary HEREDOC
$foo = <<<ONE this is $fubar ONE; /* string(10) "this is" */
NOWDOC
$bar = <<<‘TWO’ this is $fubar TWO; /* string(16) "this is $fubar" */
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Miscellaneous Improvements
SQLite Upgraded to 3.5.6 Over 40 bug fixes CGI/FastCGI SAPI Improvements Various stream improvements More things to come ...
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Thank You For Listening
Questions?
These slides can be found on: http://ilia.ws
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