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"The Project Gutenberg eBook of Authorised Guide to the Tower of London, by W.J. Loftie Project Gutenberg’s Authorised Guide to the Tower of London, by W. J. Loftie This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.net Title: Authorised Guide to the Tower of London Author: W. J. Loftie Release Date: September 11, 2004 [EBook #13436] Language: English Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1 *** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK TOWER OF LONDON *** Produced by Audrey Longhurst, David Garcia and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team. -1- The Project Gutenberg eBook of Authorised Guide to the Tower of London, by W.J. Loftie AUTHORISED GUIDE TO THE TOWER OF LONDON. BY -2- The Project Gutenberg eBook of Authorised Guide to the Tower of London, by W.J. Loftie W.J. LOFTIE, B.A., F.S.A. REVISED EDITION. WITH TWELVE -3- The Project Gutenberg eBook of Authorised Guide to the Tower of London, by W.J. Loftie VIEWS AND TWO PLANS, AND A DESCRIPTION -4- The Project Gutenberg eBook of Authorised Guide to the Tower of London, by W.J. Loftie OF THE ARMOURY, BY THE VISCOUNT -5- The Project Gutenberg eBook of Authorised Guide to the Tower of London, by W.J. Loftie DILLON, P.S.A. (Curator of the Tower Armouries.) -6- The Project Gutenberg eBook of Authorised Guide to the Tower of London, by W.J. Loftie LONDON: PRINTED FOR HIS MAJESTY’S -7- The Project Gutenberg eBook of Authorised Guide to the Tower of London, by W.J. Loftie STATIONERY OFFICE, BY HARRISON AND -8- The Project Gutenberg eBook of Authorised Guide to the Tower of London, by W.J. Loftie SONS, ST. MARTIN’S LANE, PRINTERS IN -9- The Project Gutenberg eBook of Authorised Guide to the Tower of London, by W.J. Loftie ORDINARY TO HIS MAJESTY. AND SOLD AT THE - 10 - The Project Gutenberg eBook of Authorised Guide to the Tower of London, by W.J. Loftie TOWER. 1904 Reprinted 1907. - 11 - The Project Gutenberg eBook of Authorised Guide to the Tower of London, by W.J. Loftie PRICE ONE PENNY. - 12 - The Project Gutenberg eBook of Authorised Guide to the Tower of London, by W.J. Loftie - 13 - The Project Gutenberg eBook of Authorised Guide to the Tower of London, by W.J. Loftie THE TOWER OF LONDON. - 14 - The Project Gutenberg eBook of Authorised Guide to the Tower of London, by W.J. Loftie GENERAL SKETCH. The Tower of London was founded in - 15 - The Project Gutenberg eBook of Authorised Guide to the Tower of London, by W.J. Loftie 1078, by William the Conqueror, for the purpose of - 16 - The Project Gutenberg eBook of Authorised Guide to the Tower of London, by W.J. Loftie protecting and controlling the city. To make room - 17 - The Project Gutenberg eBook of Authorised Guide to the Tower of London, by W.J. Loftie for his chief buildings he removed two - 18 - The Project Gutenberg eBook of Authorised Guide to the Tower of London, by W.J. Loftie bastions of the old wall of London, and encroached - 19 - The Project Gutenberg eBook of Authorised Guide to the Tower of London, by W.J. Loftie slightly upon the civic boundaries. Part - 20 - The Project Gutenberg eBook of Authorised Guide to the Tower of London, by W.J. Loftie therefore of the Tower is in London, and part in - 21 - The Project Gutenberg eBook of Authorised Guide to the Tower of London, by W.J. Loftie Middlesex, but it forms, with its surrounding - 22 - The Project Gutenberg eBook of Authorised Guide to the Tower of London, by W.J. Loftie fortifications, a precinct in itself which belongs - 23 - The Project Gutenberg eBook of Authorised Guide to the Tower of London, by W.J. Loftie neither to the city nor the county. It covers an area of 18 - 24 - The Project Gutenberg eBook of Authorised Guide to the Tower of London, by W.J. Loftie acres within the Garden rails. - 25 - The Project Gutenberg eBook of Authorised Guide to the Tower of London, by W.J. Loftie The present buildings are partly of the - 26 - The Project Gutenberg eBook of Authorised Guide to the Tower of London, by W.J. Loftie Norman period; but architecture of almost all the - 27 - The Project Gutenberg eBook of Authorised Guide to the Tower of London, by W.J. Loftie styles which have flourished in England may be - 28 - The Project Gutenberg eBook of Authorised Guide to the Tower of London, by W.J. Loftie found within the walls. It is well to remember - 29 - The Project Gutenberg eBook of Authorised Guide to the Tower of London, by W.J. Loftie that though the Tower is no longer a place of great - 30 - The Project Gutenberg eBook of Authorised Guide to the Tower of London, by W.J. Loftie military strength it has in time past been a fortress, - 31 - The Project Gutenberg eBook of Authorised Guide to the Tower of London, by W.J. Loftie a palace, and a prison, and to view it rightly we - 32 - The Project Gutenberg eBook of Authorised Guide to the Tower of London, by W.J. Loftie must regard it in this threefold aspect. - 33 - The Project Gutenberg eBook of Authorised Guide to the Tower of London, by W.J. Loftie It was first built as a fortress, and has a central - 34 - The Project Gutenberg eBook of Authorised Guide to the Tower of London, by W.J. Loftie Keep, called the "White Tower." The Inner - 35 - The Project Gutenberg eBook of Authorised Guide to the Tower of London, by W.J. Loftie Ward is defended by a wall, flanked by thirteen - 36 - The Project Gutenberg eBook of Authorised Guide to the Tower of London, by W.J. Loftie towers, the entrance to it being on the south side under - 37 - The Project Gutenberg eBook of Authorised Guide to the Tower of London, by W.J. Loftie the Bloody Tower. The Outer Ward is defended by a - 38 - The Project Gutenberg eBook of Authorised Guide to the Tower of London, by W.J. Loftie second wall, flanked by six towers on the river - 39 - The Project Gutenberg eBook of Authorised Guide to the Tower of London, by W.J. Loftie face (see Pl. IX, X and XI), and by three - 40 - The Project Gutenberg eBook of Authorised Guide to the Tower of London, by W.J. Loftie semicircular bastions on the north face. A Ditch or - 41 - The Project Gutenberg eBook of Authorised Guide to the Tower of London, by W.J. Loftie "Moat," now dry, encircles the whole, crossed at - 42 - The Project Gutenberg eBook of Authorised Guide to the Tower of London, by W.J. Loftie the south-western angle by a stone bridge, - 43 - The Project Gutenberg eBook of Authorised Guide to the Tower of London, by W.J. Loftie leading to the "Byward Tower" from the - 44 - The Project Gutenberg eBook of Authorised Guide to the Tower of London, by W.J. Loftie "Middle Tower," a gateway which had formerly an - 45 - The Project Gutenberg eBook of Authorised Guide to the Tower of London, by W.J. Loftie outwork, called the "Lion Tower." - 46 - The Project Gutenberg eBook of Authorised Guide to the Tower of London, by W.J. Loftie The Tower was occupied as a palace by all our - 47 - The Project Gutenberg eBook of Authorised Guide to the Tower of London, by W.J. Loftie Kings and Queens down to Charles II. It was the - 48 - The Project Gutenberg eBook of Authorised Guide to the Tower of London, by W.J. Loftie custom for each monarch to lodge in the Tower - 49 - The Project Gutenberg eBook of Authorised Guide to the Tower of London, by W.J. Loftie before his coronation, and to ride in procession - 50 - The Project Gutenberg eBook of Authorised Guide to the Tower of London, by W.J. Loftie to Westminster through the city. The Palace - 51 - The Project Gutenberg eBook of Authorised Guide to the Tower of London, by W.J. Loftie buildings stood eastward of the "Bloody Tower." - 52 - The Project Gutenberg eBook of Authorised Guide to the Tower of London, by W.J. Loftie The security of the walls made it convenient - 53 - The Project Gutenberg eBook of Authorised Guide to the Tower of London, by W.J. Loftie as a State prison, the first known prisoner being Ralf - 54 - The Project Gutenberg eBook of Authorised Guide to the Tower of London, by W.J. Loftie Flambard, Bishop of Durham, who had been active - 55 - The Project Gutenberg eBook of Authorised Guide to the Tower of London, by W.J. Loftie under William Rufus in pushing on the - 56 - The Project Gutenberg eBook of Authorised Guide to the Tower of London, by W.J. Loftie buildings. From that time the Tower was seldom - 57 - The Project Gutenberg eBook of Authorised Guide to the Tower of London, by W.J. Loftie without some captive, English or foreign, of - 58 - The Project Gutenberg eBook of Authorised Guide to the Tower of London, by W.J. Loftie rank and importance. - 59 - The Project Gutenberg eBook of Authorised Guide to the Tower of London, by W.J. Loftie In the Tudor period the "Green" within the - 60 - The Project Gutenberg eBook of Authorised Guide to the Tower of London, by W.J. Loftie Tower was used on very rare occasions for - 61 - The Project Gutenberg eBook of Authorised Guide to the Tower of London, by W.J. Loftie executions. [See page 32.] Condemned prisoners - 62 - The Project Gutenberg eBook of Authorised Guide to the Tower of London, by W.J. Loftie were usually beheaded on - 63 - The Project Gutenberg eBook of Authorised Guide to the Tower of London, by W.J. Loftie Tower Hill. Emerging from the Mark Lane railway - 64 - The Project Gutenberg eBook of Authorised Guide to the Tower of London, by W.J. Loftie station, the visitor obtains an excellent view of the - 65 - The Project Gutenberg eBook of Authorised Guide to the Tower of London, by W.J. Loftie great fortress. Within the railed space of - 66 - The Project Gutenberg eBook of Authorised Guide to the Tower of London, by W.J. Loftie Trinity Square, the first permanent scaffold on - 67 - The Project Gutenberg eBook of Authorised Guide to the Tower of London, by W.J. Loftie Tower Hill was set up in the reign of Edward III, but the - 68 - The Project Gutenberg eBook of Authorised Guide to the Tower of London, by W.J. Loftie first execution recorded here was that of Sir - 69 - The Project Gutenberg eBook of Authorised Guide to the Tower of London, by W.J. Loftie Simon Burley in 1388. Here also were beheaded, - 70 - The Project Gutenberg eBook of Authorised Guide to the Tower of London, by W.J. Loftie among others, Dudley, the minister of Henry VII - 71 - The Project Gutenberg eBook of Authorised Guide to the Tower of London, by W.J. Loftie (1510), his son the Duke of Northumberland (1553), his grandson, - 72 - The Project Gutenberg eBook of Authorised Guide to the Tower of London, by W.J. Loftie Lord Guildford Dudley (1554), Cromwell, - 73 - The Project Gutenberg eBook of Authorised Guide to the Tower of London, by W.J. Loftie Earl of Essex (1540), More and Fisher - 74 - The Project Gutenberg eBook of Authorised Guide to the Tower of London, by W.J. Loftie (1535), Surrey (1547), and his son, Norfolk - 75 - The Project Gutenberg eBook of Authorised Guide to the Tower of London, by W.J. Loftie (1572), Strafford (1641), and Archbishop Laud - 76 - The Project Gutenberg eBook of Authorised Guide to the Tower of London, by W.J. Loftie (1645), and the Scotch lords in 1716, 1746, and - 77 - The Project Gutenberg eBook of Authorised Guide to the Tower of London, by W.J. Loftie 1747, the last being Simon, Lord Lovat. - 78 - The Project Gutenberg eBook of Authorised Guide to the Tower of London, by W.J. Loftie The Tower moat is immediately before us. - 79 - The Project Gutenberg eBook of Authorised Guide to the Tower of London, by W.J. Loftie It is drained and used as a parade ground. - 80 - The Project Gutenberg eBook of Authorised Guide to the Tower of London, by W.J. Loftie Beyond it, as we approach the entrance, - 81 - The Project Gutenberg eBook of Authorised Guide to the Tower of London, by W.J. Loftie we have a good view of the fortifications. On the - 82 - The Project Gutenberg eBook of Authorised Guide to the Tower of London, by W.J. Loftie extreme left are the Brass Mount and North - 83 - The Project Gutenberg eBook of Authorised Guide to the Tower of London, by W.J. Loftie Bastions. In the middle is Legge’s Mount. To - 84 - The Project Gutenberg eBook of Authorised Guide to the Tower of London, by W.J. Loftie the right is the entrance gateway. The - 85 - The Project Gutenberg eBook of Authorised Guide to the Tower of London, by W.J. Loftie highest building behind is the White Tower, - 86 - The Project Gutenberg eBook of Authorised Guide to the Tower of London, by W.J. Loftie easily distinguished by its four turrets. In front of it - 87 - The Project Gutenberg eBook of Authorised Guide to the Tower of London, by W.J. Loftie are the Devereux, Beauchamp, and Bell Towers, - 88 - The Project Gutenberg eBook of Authorised Guide to the Tower of London, by W.J. Loftie the residences of the Lieutenant of the - 89 - The Project Gutenberg eBook of Authorised Guide to the Tower of London, by W.J. Loftie Tower and of the Yeoman Gaoler being in the - 90 - The Project Gutenberg eBook of Authorised Guide to the Tower of London, by W.J. Loftie gabled and red tiled houses between the last - 91 - The Project Gutenberg eBook of Authorised Guide to the Tower of London, by W.J. Loftie two. From one of these windows Lady Jane - 92 - The Project Gutenberg eBook of Authorised Guide to the Tower of London, by W.J. Loftie Grey saw her husband’s headless body - 93 - The Project Gutenberg eBook of Authorised Guide to the Tower of London, by W.J. Loftie brought in from Tower Hill, by the route we now - 94 - The Project Gutenberg eBook of Authorised Guide to the Tower of London, by W.J. Loftie traverse; and the leads are still called Queen - 95 - The Project Gutenberg eBook of Authorised Guide to the Tower of London, by W.J. Loftie Elizabeth’s Walk, as she used them during her - 96 - The Project Gutenberg eBook of Authorised Guide to the Tower of London, by W.J. Loftie captivity in 1554. - 97 - The Project Gutenberg eBook of Authorised Guide to the Tower of London, by W.J. Loftie The Lion Tower stood where the Ticket Office and - 98 - The Project Gutenberg eBook of Authorised Guide to the Tower of London, by W.J. Loftie Refreshment Room are now. Here the visitor obtains a - 99 - The Project Gutenberg eBook of Authorised Guide to the Tower of London, by W.J. Loftie pass which admits him to see the Regalia, or Crown - 100 - The Project Gutenberg eBook of Authorised Guide to the Tower of London, by W.J. Loftie Jewels, and another for the Armoury. In - 101 - The Project Gutenberg eBook of Authorised Guide to the Tower of London, by W.J. Loftie the Middle Ages and down to 1834 the Royal - 102 - The Project Gutenberg eBook of Authorised Guide to the Tower of London, by W.J. Loftie Menagerie was lodged in a number of small - 103 - The Project Gutenberg eBook of Authorised Guide to the Tower of London, by W.J. Loftie buildings near the Lion Tower, whence its - 104 - The Project Gutenberg eBook of Authorised Guide to the Tower of London, by W.J. Loftie name was derived and the saying arose, - 105 - The Project Gutenberg eBook of Authorised Guide to the Tower of London, by W.J. Loftie "seeing the lions," for a visit to the Tower. Where the - 106 - The Project Gutenberg eBook of Authorised Guide to the Tower of London, by W.J. Loftie wooden gate now stands, there was a small work - 107 - The Project Gutenberg eBook of Authorised Guide to the Tower of London, by W.J. Loftie called the Conning Gate. It marked the boundaries - 108 - The Project Gutenberg eBook of Authorised Guide to the Tower of London, by W.J. Loftie of Middlesex and the Tower Precinct. - 109 - The Project Gutenberg eBook of Authorised Guide to the Tower of London, by W.J. Loftie Here prisoners were handed over to the - 110 - The Project Gutenberg eBook of Authorised Guide to the Tower of London, by W.J. Loftie Sheriff. - 111 - The Project Gutenberg eBook of Authorised Guide to the Tower of London, by W.J. Loftie The Middle Tower (Pl. I) was originally built by Henry III, - 112 - The Project Gutenberg eBook of Authorised Guide to the Tower of London, by W.J. Loftie but has been entirely refaced. Through its - 113 - The Project Gutenberg eBook of Authorised Guide to the Tower of London, by W.J. Loftie archway we reach the stone bridge, which had - 114 - The Project Gutenberg eBook of Authorised Guide to the Tower of London, by W.J. Loftie formerly in the centre a drawbridge of wood. - 115 - The Project Gutenberg eBook of Authorised Guide to the Tower of London, by W.J. Loftie We next reach - 116 - The Project Gutenberg eBook of Authorised Guide to the Tower of London, by W.J. Loftie The Byward Tower (Pl. II), the great Gatehouse of the Outer - 117 - The Project Gutenberg eBook of Authorised Guide to the Tower of London, by W.J. Loftie Ward. It is in part the work of Henry III, and in part - 118 - The Project Gutenberg eBook of Authorised Guide to the Tower of London, by W.J. Loftie that of Richard II. Observe the vaulting and the - 119 - The Project Gutenberg eBook of Authorised Guide to the Tower of London, by W.J. Loftie dark recesses on the southern side. We - 120 - The Project Gutenberg eBook of Authorised Guide to the Tower of London, by W.J. Loftie pass on the left - 121 - The Project Gutenberg eBook of Authorised Guide to the Tower of London, by W.J. Loftie The Bell Tower (Pl. IX), which may safely be attributed to the reign - 122 - The Project Gutenberg eBook of Authorised Guide to the Tower of London, by W.J. Loftie of King John. Here Fisher, Bishop of Rochester, - 123 - The Project Gutenberg eBook of Authorised Guide to the Tower of London, by W.J. Loftie was imprisoned by Henry VIII, and the - 124 - The Project Gutenberg eBook of Authorised Guide to the Tower of London, by W.J. Loftie Princess Elizabeth by her sister, Queen - 125 - The Project Gutenberg eBook of Authorised Guide to the Tower of London, by W.J. Loftie Mary. The "Curtain Wall," of great antiquity, is - 126 - The Project Gutenberg eBook of Authorised Guide to the Tower of London, by W.J. Loftie pierced by the windows of the Lieutenant’s - 127 - The Project Gutenberg eBook of Authorised Guide to the Tower of London, by W.J. Loftie Lodgings, now called "The King’s House," and one of - 128 - The Project Gutenberg eBook of Authorised Guide to the Tower of London, by W.J. Loftie these windows lights the Council Chamber, - 129 - The Project Gutenberg eBook of Authorised Guide to the Tower of London, by W.J. Loftie where Guy Fawkes and his fellow conspirators - 130 - The Project Gutenberg eBook of Authorised Guide to the Tower of London, by W.J. Loftie were tried and condemned, 1605. - 131 - The Project Gutenberg eBook of Authorised Guide to the Tower of London, by W.J. Loftie The Traitors’ Gate (Pl. IV), with St. Thomas’s Tower, is now on our - 132 - The Project Gutenberg eBook of Authorised Guide to the Tower of London, by W.J. Loftie right. Observe the masonry which - 133 - The Project Gutenberg eBook of Authorised Guide to the Tower of London, by W.J. Loftie supports the wide span of the arch. This gate, when - 134 - The Project Gutenberg eBook of Authorised Guide to the Tower of London, by W.J. Loftie the Thames was more of a highway - 135 - The Project Gutenberg eBook of Authorised Guide to the Tower of London, by W.J. Loftie than it is at present, was often used as an entrance to - 136 - The Project Gutenberg eBook of Authorised Guide to the Tower of London, by W.J. Loftie the Tower. St. Thomas’ Tower was built by - 137 - The Project Gutenberg eBook of Authorised Guide to the Towe..."

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