0072124105.McGraw-Hill.SQL Server 7 Backup RecoveryEbook-FLY Science fiction Ebook (pdf document) free file download at fliiby.com

"Backup & Recovery TE AM FL Y Team-Fly® About the Author... Anil Desai, MCSE, MCSD, MCDBA, is Technical Architect for QuickArrow, Inc., in Austin, Texas. He has consulted for several companies, ranging from small startups to multinational organizations. Anil is the author of Windows NT Network Management: Reducing Total Cost of Ownership and the MCSE: Windows 2000 Directory Services Implementation Exam Guide, and co-author of MCSE Fast Track: SQL Server 7 Administration. Backup & Recovery ANIL DESAI Osborne/McGraw-Hill Berkeley New York St. Louis San Francisco Auckland Bogotá Hamburg London Madrid Mexico City Milan Montreal New Delhi Panama City Paris São Paulo Singapore Sydney Tokyo Toronto Copyright © 2000 by The McGraw-Hill Companies. All rights reserved. Manufactured in the United States of America. Except as permitted under the United States Copyright Act of 1976, no part of this publication may be reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, or stored in a database or retrieval system, without the prior written permission of the publisher. 0-07-213359-7 The material in this eBook also appears in the print version of this title: 0-07-212410-5. All trademarks are trademarks of their respective owners. Rather than put a trademark symbol after every occurrence of a trademarked name, we use names in an editorial fashion only, and to the benefit of the trademark owner, with no intention of infringement of the trademark. Where such designations appear in this book, they have been printed with initial caps. McGraw-Hill eBooks are available at special quantity discounts to use as premiums and sales promotions, or for use in corporate training programs. For more information, please contact George Hoare, Special Sales, at george_hoare@mcgraw-hill.com or (212) 904-4069. TERMS OF USE This is a copyrighted work and The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. (“McGraw-Hill”) and its licensors reserve all rights in and to the work. Use of this work is subject to these terms. Except as permitted under the Copyright Act of 1976 and the right to store and retrieve one copy of the work, you may not decompile, disassemble, reverse engineer, reproduce, modify, create derivative works based upon, transmit, distribute, disseminate, sell, publish or sublicense the work or any part of it without McGraw-Hill’s prior consent. You may use the work for your own noncommercial and personal use; any other use of the work is strictly prohibited. Your right to use the work may be terminated if you fail to comply with these terms. THE WORK IS PROVIDED “AS IS”. McGRAW-HILL AND ITS LICENSORS MAKE NO GUARANTEES OR WARRANTIES AS TO THE ACCURACY, ADEQUACY OR COMPLETENESS OF OR RESULTS TO BE OBTAINED FROM USING THE WORK, INCLUDING ANY INFORMATION THAT CAN BE ACCESSED THROUGH THE WORK VIA HYPERLINK OR OTHERWISE, AND EXPRESSLY DISCLAIM ANY WARRANTY, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. McGraw-Hill and its licensors do not warrant or guarantee that the functions contained in the work will meet your requirements or that its operation will be uninterrupted or error free. Neither McGraw-Hill nor its licensors shall be liable to you or anyone else for any inaccuracy, error or omission, regardless of cause, in the work or for any damages resulting therefrom. McGraw-Hill has no responsibility for the content of any information accessed through the work. Under no circumstances shall McGraw-Hill and/or its licensors be liable for any indirect, incidental, special, punitive, consequential or similar damages that result from the use of or inability to use the work, even if any of them has been advised of the possibility of such damages. This limitation of liability shall apply to any claim or cause whatsoever whether such claim or cause arises in contract, tort or otherwise. DOI: 10.1036/0072133597 To Monica This page intentionally left blank. AT A GLANCE Part I w1 w2 Part II w3 w4 w5 Part III w w w w 6 7 8 9 Devising a Data Protection Strategy Evaluating Corporate Data Requirements . . Developing the Data Protection Plan . . . . . Understanding Data Protection Data Protection in Windows NT/2000 . . . . 75 SQL Server 7 Architecture . . . . . . . . . . . 149 Evaluating Data Protection Solutions . . . . . 209 Implementing Backup and Recovery Operations Performing Database Backups . . Recovering the Data . . . . . . . . Advanced Data Protection Tactics Case Studies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 251 331 369 419 3 31 wA w Resources for More Information . . . . . . . . 439 Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 451 vii Terms of Use This page intentionally left blank. CONTENTS Acknowledgments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Introduction .............................. xvii xix Part I Devising a Data Protection Strategy w 1 Evaluating Corporate Data Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Why Protect Your Data? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Information Is Valuable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Re-creating Data Is Difficult and Costly . . . . . . . Downtime Is Expensive . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Public Perception Can Make or Break Your Business Threats to Your Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Hardware and Software Failures . . . . . . . . . . . Good People . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Bad People . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Natural Disasters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other Potential Problems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . In an Ideal World . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Challenges in the Real World . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Financial Constraints . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 4 4 5 5 6 6 7 7 8 9 9 9 10 11 ix Terms of Use x SQL Server 7 Backup & Recovery Staffing Constraints . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Technical Constraints . . . . . . . . . . . . . Lack of Understanding . . . . . . . . . . . . . Political Issues . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Summing It All Up . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Evaluating Your Environment . . . . . . . . . . . . Why Evaluate? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Business Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . The Network Infrastructure . . . . . . . . . . Workstations (Clients) . . . . . . . . . . . . . Servers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Relational Database Servers . . . . . . . . . . Human Resources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Evaluating Your Business Requirements . . . . . . Deciding What to Protect . . . . . . . . . . . Estimating Your Data Storage Requirements Availability of Crucial Information . . . . . . Backup Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . Recovery Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . Budgeting for Data Protection . . . . . . . . . A Sample Business Requirements Worksheet Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 12 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 15 19 21 22 23 23 24 26 26 26 29 30 w 2 Developing the Data Protection Plan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Data Protection Methodologies . . . . . . . . Backup Scenarios . . . . . . . . . . . . . Backup Operations . . . . . . . . . . . . Choosing the Right Method . . . . . . . Backup and Recovery Technology . . . . . . Hardware Solutions . . . . . . . . . . . Software Solutions . . . . . . . . . . . . Disaster Recovery . . . . . . . . . . . . . Business and Management Solutions . . . . . Management Solutions . . . . . . . . . . Getting Help: Outsourcing . . . . . . . Organizing Backups and Media . . . . . Developing IT Policies . . . . . . . . . . The People Factor . . . . . . . . . . . . . Educating the End Users . . . . . . . . . Managing Costs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . General IT Best Practices . . . . . . . . . . . . Determining Security Requirements . . Standardization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Change and Configuration Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 32 34 39 41 41 41 43 44 44 45 46 46 47 49 49 51 53 53 56 57 Contents xi TE Knowledge Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Controlling Resource Usage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Creating the Data Protection Plan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Studying Your Environment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Defining Backup Policies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Using the Iterative Approach—and Setting Milestones Getting Others Involved . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Archiving . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Documenting the Plan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Implementing the Data Protection Plan . . . . . . . . . . . Training the Right People . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Developing a Schedule . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Delegating Responsibility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Reviewing and Maintaining the Plan . . . . . . . . . . . . . Ensuring that the Plan Is Flexible . . . . . . . . . . . . Ensuring Physical Security . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . What Would an Intruder Do? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Establishing External Security Audits . . . . . . . . . A Sample Data Protection Plan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58 58 59 59 60 61 62 62 62 63 63 63 63 64 65 65 65 66 66 71 w 3 Data Protection in Windows NT/2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Security and Data Protection Best Practices . . Know the Ways of Your Enemies . . . . . Physical Security . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Managing User Security . . . . . . . . . . Protecting Against Viruses . . . . . . . . Defining a Backup Schedule . . . . . . . . Security Management Tools . . . . . . . . Windows NT 4 Data Protection . . . . . . . . . Windows NT Backup . . . . . . . . . . . . The Windows NT Emergency Repair Disk Enforcing Strong Passwords . . . . . . . . Auditing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Using Windows NT Diagnostics . . . . . Windows System Policies . . . . . . . . . Securing the File System . . . . . . . . . . Fault-Tolerance: RAID . . . . . . . . . . . Windows NT Network Security . . . . . Remote Access Security . . . . . . . . . . Client-Side Security . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . AM FL Y Part II Understanding Data Protection 75 76 77 78 78 81 82 83 85 85 87 88 89 92 93 101 101 105 108 109 Team-Fly® xii SQL Server 7 Backup & Recovery Windows 2000 Data Protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Active Directory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Backup and Recovery Tools . . . . . . . . . . . . . File System Changes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Disk Management and Dynamic Volumes . . . . . Network-Level Security . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Improved Authentication . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Remote Storage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Recovering Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Recovering Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Fixing Corrupt Boot Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Performing a Complete System Restoration . . . . Monitoring and Optimizing Performance . . . . . . . . Performance Monitoring Methodology . . . . . . Windows NT Performance Monitor . . . . . . . . Windows NT Task Manager . . . . . . . . . . . . . Windows NT Network Monitor . . . . . . . . . . Windows 95/98 System Monitor . . . . . . . . . . Staying Current . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Windows NT Service Packs . . . . . . . . . . . . . The Windows NT Option Pack . . . . . . . . . . . Security-Related Hot Fixes, Patches, and Bulletins Downloading Software Updates . . . . . . . . . . Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110 111 115 118 120 121 124 124 126 126 126 127 128 128 129 134 139 142 143 144 144 146 146 147 w 4 SQL Server 7 Architecture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Relational Databases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Database Objects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Domain, Entity, and Referential Integrity Structured Query Language . . . . . . . . SQL Server Architecture . . . . . . . . . . . . . Different Editions of SQL Server 7 . . . . SQL Server Services . . . . . . . . . . . . Data Storage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . The Transact-SQL Language . . . . . . . Data Locking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Network Communications . . . . . . . . Working with SQL Server 7 . . . . . . . . . . . Enterprise Manager . . . . . . . . . . . . . Database Schemas . . . . . . . . . . . . . Data Transformation Services . . . . . . . SQL Query Analyzer . . . . . . . . . . . . SQL Server Security . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Server Logins . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Database User Permissions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149 151 151 155 157 158 159 160 161 163 166 166 167 168 169 170 171 172 172 176 Contents xiii Roles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Object Permissions . . . . . . . . . . . . Auditing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Best Practices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Performance Monitoring and Optimization . The Server Level . . . . . . . . . . . . . The Database Level . . . . . . . . . . . . The Query Level . . . . . . . . . . . . . Scalability and Benchmarks . . . . . . . Scheduling Jobs with SQL Server Agent Choosing the Right Tool . . . . . . . . . Developing SQL Server Applications . . . . . n-Tier Client/Server Architecture . . . Accessing Data from Applications . . . Programming Options . . . . . . . . . . Advanced SQL Server Features . . . . . . . . Data Warehousing . . . . . . . . . . . . Online Analytical Processing (OLAP) . English Query . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 177 182 186 189 189 190 192 195 198 198 200 201 201 203 203 204 204 204 206 207 w 5 Evaluating Data Protection Solutions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Evaluating Your Environment . . . . . . . Business Issues . . . . . . . . . . . . Estimating The Data Volume . . . . The “Recovery Window” . . . . . . Live vs. Offline Database Backups . Leveraging Your Existing Resources Network Topology . . . . . . . . . . Choosing Server Hardware . . . . . . . . The CPU . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Memory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Disk Subsystems . . . . . . . . . . . RAID . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Uninterruptible Power Supplies . . Evaluating Backup Hardware . . . . . . . Characteristics of Backup Devices . Data Buses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Media Options . . . . . . . . . . . . Advanced Backup Solutions . . . . . Third-Party Hardware Vendors . . . Evaluating Backup Software . . . . . . . . Software Features . . . . . . . . . . . Special Modules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 209 210 211 212 214 214 216 216 218 218 219 219 222 224 226 226 228 230 233 234 235 236 237 xiv SQL Server 7 Backup & Recovery Disaster Recovery Options . . Licensing Models . . . . . . . . Third-Party Software Products . . . Backup Software Vendors . . . Data Protection Utilities . . . . Making Sound Business Decisions . Total Cost of Ownership (TCO) Return on Investment (ROI) . . Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 238 238 239 240 241 245 245 246 247 Part III Implementing Backup and Recovery Operations w 6 Performing Database Backups . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Designing SQL Server Storage . . . . . . . . . Storage Estimation Tools . . . . . . . . . RAID . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Files and Filegroups . . . . . . . . . . . Optimizing Storage Design . . . . . . . SQL Server 7 Backup Methods . . . . . . . . Offline vs. Online Backups . . . . . . . Comparing Backup Schemes . . . . . . Establishing a Backup Schedule . . . . . Additional Backup Solutions . . . . . . Implementing SQL Server Backups . . . . . . Preparing for Backups . . . . . . . . . . The Database Maintenance Plan Wizard Performing Backups . . . . . . . . . . . Automating Tasks with SQL Server Agent . . Configuring SQL Server Agent . . . . . Defining Operators . . . . . . . . . . . . Scheduling Jobs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Defining Alerts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Multiserver Administration . . . . . . . Importing and Exporting Data . . . . . . . . Generating SQL Scripts . . . . . . . . . Loading Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Optimizing Backup Performance . . . . . . . The Optimization Process . . . . . . . . Using Perform..."

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