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"Fooling the Bladder Cops: The Complete Drug Testing Guide Justin Gombos June 1, 1999 2 Contents 1 Introduction 2 Detection Times 2.1 Halﬂife of TetraHydraCannabinol . . . . . . . . . . . 2.2 Approximate Detection Times of Various Substances 2.2.1 Frequency of Intake . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.2.2 Amount of Body Fat . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.2.3 Predicting Detection Period . . . . . . . . . . 2.3 Positive (deﬁned) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.3.1 Passive smoke and positives . . . . . . . . . . 2.4 Decreasing detection times . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.4.1 Physical Activity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.4.2 Diet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.4.3 Using Drugs to Reduce Detection Times . . . 3 Test Methods 3.1 Substances that are Detectable . . . . . . . . . . . 3.2 DrugAlert . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.3 Gas Chromatography . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.4 Gas Chromatography / Mass Spectrometry . . . . . 3.5 Hair testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.6 High Performance Liquid Chromatography . . . . . 3.7 ImmunoAssay . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.7.1 Radio ImmunoAssay (aka AbuScreen) . . . 3.7.2 Enzyme Multiplied Immunoassay Technique 3.7.3 Fluorescence Polarization ImmunoAssay . . 3.8 PharmChek . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.9 TestCup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 11 13 13 13 15 16 16 16 17 17 18 18 18 19 19 21 21 21 22 24 24 25 25 25 26 26 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 CONTENTS 3.10 Thin Layer Chromatography . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 4 Test Standards and Accuracy 4.1 Procedures Implemented . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.2 False Positives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.2.1 Ibuprofen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.2.2 Cold Remedies, Pain Relievers, Hay Fever and Diet Pills . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.2.3 Antibiotics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.2.4 Melanin (found in black skin) . . . . . . . 4.2.5 DHEA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.2.6 Dental Treatment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.3 True Positives (legitimate) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.3.1 Poppy Seeds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.3.2 Testosterone Supplements . . . . . . . . . 29 . . . . . . . 30 . . . . . . . 30 . . . . . . . 31 Remedies, . . . . . . . 31 . . . . . . . 31 . . . . . . . 31 . . . . . . . 32 . . . . . . . 32 . . . . . . . 32 . . . . . . . 32 . . . . . . . 33 5 Commercial Products vs. Household Products 35 5.1 Commercial Products and the Law . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 5.2 Money-back Guarantees . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 6 Things Tested to Detect Counter Measures 6.1 Color . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.2 Temperature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.3 Creatinine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.3.1 How to Increase Creatinine Levels . . 6.4 pH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.5 Speciﬁc Gravity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.6 Age . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.7 Gender . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Producing Clean Urine 7.1 Dilution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.2 Water . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.3 Creatinine Level . . . . . . . . . . 7.4 Vitamin B . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.5 Diuretics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.5.1 Ultimate Blend (c) . . . . 7.5.2 Detoxify Carbo Clean (c) . 37 37 37 38 38 38 38 39 39 41 41 42 42 42 43 43 43 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . CONTENTS 7.5.3 Naturally Klean Herbal Tea (c) 7.5.4 Goldenseal . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.5.5 Certa or Certo . . . . . . . . . 7.5.6 Vales Original Formula . . . . . 7.5.7 Lasix . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Vinegar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Dexatrim . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Fiber . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Vitamin Lecithin . . . . . . . . . . . . How to Give A Clean Sample . . . . . Exercise . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Beta-2 Agonists . . . . . . . . . . . . . Beta-3 Agonists . . . . . . . . . . . . . Low Dosaging . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 43 44 44 44 44 45 45 45 45 46 46 47 47 47 49 49 49 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 51 51 51 52 52 52 53 53 53 53 53 53 7.6 7.7 7.8 7.9 7.10 7.11 7.12 7.13 7.14 8 Drug Screens 8.1 Drug Screens That Work . 8.1.1 Aspirin . . . . . . . 8.2 Drug Screens That Do Not 8.2.1 Goldenseal . . . . . 8.2.2 Niacin . . . . . . . 8.2.3 Zinc Sulfate . . . . 8.3 Untested Drug Screens . . 8.3.1 Puri-Blend (c) . . . 8.3.2 The Stuﬀ (c) . . . 9 Doping Samples 9.1 Eﬀective Additives . . . . 9.1.1 Bleach (powdered) 9.1.2 Klear (c) . . . . . . 9.1.3 Water . . . . . . . 9.2 Ineﬀective Additives . . . 9.2.1 Ammonia . . . . . 9.2.2 Blood . . . . . . . 9.2.3 Draino . . . . . . . 9.2.4 Goldenseal . . . . . 9.2.5 Hydrogen Peroxide 9.2.6 Lemon Juice . . . . .... .... Work .... .... .... .... .... .... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 9.2.7 Liquid Soap . . . . . . . . . . . 9.2.8 Mary Jane’s SuperClean 13 (c) 9.2.9 Purifyit (c) . . . . . . . . . . . 9.2.10 Sodium Nitrate . . . . . . . . . 9.2.11 Table Salt . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.2.12 UrinAid (c) . . . . . . . . . . . 9.2.13 Vinegar . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.2.14 Visine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.2.15 WD40 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Untested Additives . . . . . . . . . . . 9.3.1 Papain . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . CONTENTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53 54 54 54 54 54 54 55 55 55 55 57 57 57 58 58 58 58 59 59 59 61 63 9.3 10 Substitution 10.1 Substitution Methods . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10.1.1 Concealed Container . . . . . . . . . 10.1.2 Injection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10.1.3 Catheterization . . . . . . . . . . . . 10.2 Where to Get Clean Urine . . . . . . . . . . 10.2.1 Urine From A Donor . . . . . . . . . 10.2.2 Powdered Urine . . . . . . . . . . . . 10.2.3 .1 Making Your Own Powdered Urine 10.2.4 Dog Urine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 Stealing Urine 12 If You Fail . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 Who Drugtests? 65 13.1 Speciﬁcally, Which Companies Test, and Which Do Not? . . . 65 14 Politics, Ethics, and Principles of Drug 14.1 Why is Drug Testing Legal? . . . . . . 14.2 The Workplace . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14.3 Athletics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14.4 Parenting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14.5 Discrimination Factor . . . . . . . . . . 14.6 The Alternatives . . . . . . . . . . . . 14.7 How Can I Combat Drug Testing? . . . Testing ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... 67 67 68 69 69 70 70 71 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . CONTENTS 14.7.1 14.7.2 14.7.3 14.7.4 14.7.5 As a job seeker As an employee As an employer As a juror . . . An an activist . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 71 72 72 72 73 15 About the Author 75 15.0.6 Contacting the Author . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75 16 Distribution Rules A Sources A.1 Contributors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A.2 For Additional Information . . . . . . . . . . A.2.1 Drug Testing Consultants on the Net A.2.2 Drug Testing Mailing List . . . . . . A.2.3 Newsgroups . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77 79 79 80 82 82 83 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 CONTENTS List of Tables 2.1 2.2 3.1 EMIT Detection Times of Substances in Urine . . . . . . . . . 14 Cutoﬀ Levels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 Detectability of Substances on Screening Tests . . . . . . . . . 20 9 10 LIST OF TABLES Chapter 1 Introduction During a job interview, have you ever been asked to piss for your new employer? New applicants for many of the Fortune 500 corporations are now being forced to take a drug test. Drug byproducts can be detected in urine, blood, hair, external residue, and even perspiration! Drugs aren’t the only things they test for; employers are using urinalysis to test women for pregnancy. Pregnant women are getting laid oﬀ or denied employment after taking such a test. Parents are spying on their children. The DOD Directive requires the military to screen all active duty members annually. If you don’t want to be a victim of the drug war, this text will help you. If you are well known, this text may protect your reputation. I strongly recommended that drug users (pot smokers in particular) read this. Other drugs are covered as well, but marijuana is the main focus of this paper. 11 12 CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION Chapter 2 Detection Times Drug tests detect drugs as well as metabolites. Metabolites are the byproducts of a substance after it has run through your system. To determine whether you will pass or not, it is important to know how much of the illicit metabolites are in your urine and how much is tested for. Table 2.1 will give you an approximation; however, it varies depending on a number of factors. The substance being tested, testing method, and levels tested for are major factors. 2.1 Halﬂife of TetraHydraCannabinol The halﬂife of THC concentration ranges between 0.8 to 9.8 days. There is too much human variation to even approximate how long THC will be detected in the urine of an individual. Infrequent users with a fast metabolism will have the shortest detection time. Frequent users with a slow metabolism will have long detection times. The only way to estimate a detection time is to consider the lower and upper bounds (3-45 days), and decide based on the factors I’ve mentioned. 2.2 Approximate Detection Times of Various Substances 13 14 CHAPTER 2. DETECTION TIMES Substance Amphetamines Barbituates (Short-Acting) 1 Barbituates (Long-Acting) 2 Benzodiazepines Cannabinoids Clenbuterol 3 Cocaine Codeine Euphorics (MDMA, psilocybin)5 LSD6 Methadone Methaqualone Nicotine Opiates Peptide hormones 3 Phencyclidine (PCP) Phenobarbital Propoxyphene Steroids 3 8 (anabolic oral) Steroids 3 8 (anabolic parenterally) Approximate Detection Time 2-4 days 1 day 2-3 weeks 3-7 days 3-45 days 2-4 days 4 2-4 days 2-5 days 1-3 days 1-4 days 3-5 days 14 days ?7 2-4 days undetectable 2-4 days 10-20 days 6 hours to 2 days 14 days 1 month 9 Table 2.1: EMIT Detection Times of Substances in Urine 2.2. APPROXIMATE DETECTION TIMES OF VARIOUS SUBSTANCES15 Try to call in sick on test day to delay one more day if possible; it will help. Other factors determining degree of intoxication include: • metabolism • ﬂuid intake • tolerance • frequency of intake of substance • amount of substance • potency of substance • length of time you have been a user • amount of body fat (for fat soluable substances such as THC) 2.2.1 Frequency of Intake If you use marijuana on rare occasions, your urine may be clean of metabolites in less than a week. There is a common and strange phenomena that occurs with chronic users. You would expect a chronic user to have the longest detection time and the smallest chance of passing. This is not always the case. A chronic user with a high tolerance will eliminate drugs quicker than an occasional user. Chronic users have tested negative after a week long binge. for example: secobarbital for example: phenobarbital 3 Performance Enhancers. 4 0.5 ng/mL by GC/MS. 5 By RIA and GC/MS only. Not Detectable by EMIT. 6 Detectable by EMIT and RIA, but rarely tested. A lab will only test for LSD when speciﬁcally requested. 7 No data available yet. I expect the detection time to be long because nicotine is fat soluble. 8 By HPLC, RIA, and GC/MS. Not Detectable by EMIT. 9 Detection times vary depending on analytical method used, drug metabolism, tolerance, patient’s condition, ﬂuid intake and method and frequency of ingestion. These are general guidelines only. 2 1 16 CHAPTER 2. DETECTION TIMES 2.2.2 Amount of Body Fat Lipid tissue also makes a huge diﬀerence. Skinny users not only have a faster metabolism (usually), but also lack storage for THC metabolites. Fat will cause a lag in excretion pattern, and lead to a longer detection time. 2.2.3 Predicting Detection Period You should now be able to understand why an individuals detection time for THC is so unpredictable. Please don’t post or e-mail a question ”how long will it take...” This is the single most frequently asked question. Many people can’t even begin to estimate a detection for their own bodys, let alone the unseen, unknown body of a internet explorer. There is an inaccurate program that will plot a graph of time versus percentage of THC in your system given the days you’ve smoked. The program is called CALC_THC.EXE and can be found on the internet. CALC_THC cannot possibly be accurate because it doesn’t have any way of measuring the potentcy of the weed, and it leaves metabolism out of the equation. (see 14.2.3) 2.3 Positive (deﬁned) 50 nanograms of THC metabolites per milliliter deﬁnes a ”presumptive positive” by NIDA certiﬁed labs. This value was originally 20 ng/mL, but too many false positives resulted. So the level was raised to 100 ng/mL to reduce false positives. As of January 1995, the threshold was lowered back down to 50 ng/mL because drinking water would easily bring a positive below 100 ng. Be aware that these cutoﬀs are not universally consistent. I recently heard of a lab using a 15 ng/mL cutoﬀ! Table 2.2 details the thresholds for other substances. All cutoﬀ levels are in nanograms/mL 1 These values apply speciﬁcally to Codeine and Morphine. 2.4. DECREASING DETECTION TIMES Substance Screening Cutoﬀ Amphetamines 500 Methamphetamines 200 Barbituates 200 Cocaine 150 Marijuana 50 1 Opiates 300 Phenyclidine 25 cutoﬀ levels are in nanograms/mL 17 GC/MS Conﬁrmation Cutoﬀ 500 500 100 All 150 15 300 25 Table 2.2: Cutoﬀ Levels 2.3.1 Passive smoke and positives ”Second hand marijuana smoke in a car can cause you to fail the next day” (Nightbyrd). It is possible that second hand [marijuana] smoke will raise someone to the 50 ng/mL level; however, extreme exposure is required. For instance, a closed car full of pot smokers and a non-smoker may render the non-smoker positive for both urinalysis and the hair test, provided that they are sealed in the car for a while. The Army did a case study where volunteers were put in a room pumped full of smoke for an hour, ﬁve times daily. Subjects started testing positive after the second day. The non-smoker would have to take in virtually as much second hand smoke as a smoker inhales. Non-smokers are safe in a ventilated area, as long as they don’t get a hair test. According to Clinton, simply blowing crack smoke on ones hair may cause a positive hair test. Second hand pot smoke doesn’t aﬀect the hair test results as much as crack smoke does mainly because exhaled smoke contains no THC. The only pot smoke that contains THC is the smoke that hasn’t entered the lungs. 2.4 Decreasing detection times Increasing metabolism is probably the most eﬀective way to decrease the time period that drugs can be detected in your system. Metabolism can be inﬂuenced by physical activity, diet, and drugs. 18 CHAPTER 2. DETECTION TIMES 2.4.1 Physical Activity Physical activity can increase your metabolic rate as much as two thousand percent! Nothing beats proper training taken to an extreme. 2.4.2 Diet A high calorie diet is the next best way to increase metabolism. Consuming mass quantities of high calorie food will increase metabolic rate by up to 10 percent. On the contrary, a malnutritious (light) diet could lower your metabolism by 10 percent. 2.4.3 Using Drugs to Reduce Detection Times Amphetamines will also increase metabolism. Unfortunately, labs usually test for speed, and could get you into trouble. Chapter 3 Test Methods Five diﬀerent bodily substances can be tested to reveal illicit drugs: • urine • blood • hair • perspiration • residue Although this text mainly addresses urinalysis, I try to cover methods for beating all drug tests. It would be helpful if people could somehow ﬁnd out which test they are getting ahead of time. Though caution must be taken. Asking your boss whether you’re getting an EMIT or GC/MS would imply that you know too much, or seem too curious. The law doesn’t protect you from unjust hiring practices, and your boss to be may refuse you employment for any reason. If simply drinking a cup of water makes the boss feel uncomfortable, the verdict may be guilty before you even take the test. 3.1 Substances that are Detectable An assay can be developed for any drug using GC/MS. Table 3.1 zindicates what can be dectected in screening tests. 19 20 CHAPTER 3. TEST METHODS Substance Amphetamines Antidepressants Barbituates Benzodiazepines Cannabinoids Carbamazepine Cocaine Ethanol LSD Methadone Morphine N-Acetylprocainamide Opiates PCP Phenobarbital Propoxyphene Steroids Theophylline EMIT X X X X X X X X X X X X X X RIA HPLC X ? ? X ? X ? X ? ? ? ? X ? ? X ? ? ? X ? ? ? X X ? Table 3.1: Detectability of Substances on Screening Tests 3.2. DRUGALERT 21 3.2 DrugAlert DrugAlert is a $19.95 home test kit enabling parents to test their children. This is the most inaccurate test being used, and it’s also the newest. The test kit is a small brown pad giving oﬀ an Oxy pad odor. The [uninformed] parent wipes the child’s clothes, books, and anything belonging to the child. Then the pad is sent to Barringer Technologies via mail. (Note that it’s a felony to send controlled substances through the mail. If the sample is positive, Barringer Technologies is knowingly urging parents to break the law). The lab puts the pad in a microwave looking machine, which detects residue from seven diﬀer..."

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